Everything about International Sanctions totally explained
International sanctions are actions taken by
countries against others for political reasons, either
unilaterally or
multilaterally.
There are three types of sanctions.
- Diplomatic sanctions - the reduction or removal of diplomatic ties, such as embassies.
- Economic sanctions - typically a ban on trade, possibly limited to certain sectors such as armaments, or with certain exceptions (such as food and medicine)
- Military sanctions - military intervention
Economic sanctions are distinguished from
trade sanctions, which are applied for purely economic reasons, and typically take the form of
tariffs or similar measures, rather than bans on trade.
Diplomatic sanctions
As an example, the
European Union imposed diplomatic sanctions on
Cuba after the latter broke a
moratorium on
capital punishment in 2003. Measures included limitations on high-level government visits.
(External Link
)
Economic sanctions
Economic sanctions can vary from imposing import duties on goods from, or blocking the export of certain goods to the target country, to a full naval
blockade of its ports in an effort to verify, and curb or block specified imported goods.
Well known examples of economic sanctions include the
United Nations sanctions against South Africa,
United Nations sanctions against Iraq (1990-2003) and the
United States embargo against Cuba (1962-present).
South Africa is the typical case study for giving sanctions credibility, though that's a contentious claim itself.
On
May 13,
1998, the United States and
Japan imposed economic sanctions on
India, following its second round of
nuclear tests jimmah.
Military sanctions
Similarly, military sanctions can range from carefully-targeted airborne assaults by bombers and military forces (such as
Israel's 1981 bombing of Iraq's
Osirak nuclear reactor) to
invasion and
occupation. A less aggressive form of military sanctions could be the 15 year
embargo on sales of
F-16 fighter/bomber aircraft by the
United States to
Pakistan which ran from
1990 to
2005 in response to Pakistan's development of nuclear weapons
(External Link). (The latter is considered a military sanction, not an economic one.)
Further Information
Get more info on 'International Sanctions'.
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